| Q2: Author's "Scripture" method. Isa 28:13 But the word of the LORD was unto them precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little; that they might go, and fall backward, and be broken, and snared, and taken.  By comparing every line and precept in Scripture with every other line and precept, until the Sola Scriptora meaning is in harmony with developing  new theories of faith.   How does the author study Scripture ?   Notice all studies have a conclusion right up front of each study, rather than at the end. A reader busy with the task of reading tedious discussions can review  the major findings quickly. This makes   for convenience and rapid studies. A  reader  can gain information quickly or for the more serious reader more slowly by reading all the discussion in the studies. Step 1 :- A hypothesis is stated. The hypothesis is usually a question. Step 2  :- An introduction may be added. Introductions help readers to preconceived ideas , and any history with the study in question. Step 3  :- The method is shown. The method as Scripture shows Isa 28:13 is to look up ALL verses of any word under study to seek for a consistent basic meaning to a word regardless of context. All methods comes with assumptions. The method has basic assumptions used in my studies.  These assumptions are :- (1) Words in any language have basic meanings that remain consistently the same  meaning regardless of context.   It is amazing almost immediately I can differ with most Pastors and Scholars out there in the world. Most people believe words in  any language have different shades of meaning which can change depending upon the context.  Here is an example from one such scholar on the eight meanings of "flesh" Hebrew 'basar' (= Greek "sarx") (a) flesh (e.g. Lk 24:39); (b) the human body (Mk 10:8). (c) "fleshly creature" = human being (Ro 3:20). (d) physical nature, human or mortal nature, earthly descent (Ro 1:3; 4:1) (e) life here on earth (1 Pt 4:2) (f) the external or outward side of life, that which is natural or earthly (J 8:15) (g) human nature, as the willing instrument of sin (Jn 3:6) (h) source of the sexual urge, with no suggestion of sinfulness (Jn 1:13).  Do these different meanings truly exist ? Lets translate the word  "basar" (or  "sarx")  for the reader and let you decide.     (a) Lu 24:39 Behold my hands and my feet, that it is I myself: handle me, and see; for a spirit hath not  flesh  and bones, as ye see me have. (b) Mr 10:8 And they twain shall be one  flesh : so then they are no more twain, but one  flesh . (c) Ro 3:20 Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no  flesh   (d) Ro 1:3 Concerning his Son Jesus Christ our Lord, which was made of the seed of David according to the  flesh ; (e) 1Pe 4:2 That he no longer should live the rest of his time in the  flesh  to the lusts of men, but to the will of God. (f) Joh 8:15 Ye judge after the flesh  ; I judge no man (g) Joh 3:6 That which is born of the  flesh  is  flesh ; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit. (h) Joh 1:13 Which were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the  flesh , nor of the will of man, but of God.  Now I cannot see  eight major or different meanings here in any of these verses  using "flesh". If you can see them, please email and tell me how has the word changed. It hasn't. The word's basic meaning  is unchanged. Some other words next to the word may create contexts which suggest different shades of meaning, but this does not alter the basic meaning of "flesh" which is this :-    The home letter in Hebrew is the place where you live. The thorn letter means to protect. Thorns were used as walls to corral sheep safely inside their home enclosure. The head letter means the person's mind or head.  Put all this together  the word "flesh" means the home covering that protects the person. The word is  broad in meaning, and can mean muscle, flesh including the meat or flesh of dead animals for food.   (a) Lu 24:39 "of flesh and bones as you see I have", tells you the meaning of flesh  is the body muscle covering over  the person.  (b) Mr 10:8 marriage is a symbol of "united flesh". This is a poetry saying. The  Bible is mostly poetry. The home in this case is still the flesh of both couples in the  marriage. The use of "echad" means "one" or "united" . This word means the parts of many become united as one. Thus the marriage is a symbol of the head  (married life) being "united flesh". Has the meaning of "flesh" changed ? No. But  the symbolism in the verse about marriage suggests a poetry context that changes the overall words used. Sentences convey information from words that remain  consistent in their meanings. Sentences cause changes to information because  sentences have different words, or the words placed in different word order.    (c) Ro 3:20 "shall no flesh be justified" is a strange use of "flesh", but the meaning has not changed. The scholar suggests another Hebrew word "nephesh" could be used which means "soul" or "person", but Romans 3:20 chose "flesh" instead of "person". Why ? Paul is talking about "circumcision" the "flesh" part of the  "person" which people did as works of flesh in order to obtain salvation, as if  salvation was based on the removal of this flesh unto God.   Ro 3:1 ¶ What advantage then hath the Jew? or what profit is there of circumcision?  So the word "flesh" is correct and Paul's use of the word remains unchanged.  (d) Ro 1:3 "according to the flesh" is another Hebrew poetry saying referring to  how people are born, in biological "flesh" . Jesus was born of the same biological "flesh" as ordinary humans. The scholar's use of other words such as "physical  nature, human or mortal nature, earthly descent" does not change the basic  meaning of "basar" as "flesh".    (e) 1Pe 4:2 "in the flesh to the lusts of men"  Scholars suggest the phrase means "life here on earth", is based on a group of words here in a phrase, but has the single word "basar" (Greek sarx) changed in it's meaning ? No.    The context is talking about how Jesus came in human flesh, but did not need a sin-offering for personal sinning. Peter is suggesting our flesh, and it's propensity to help our mind choose sinning plays a role in helping us to do sinning. Jesus d id not choose sinning, despite having human flesh as ordinary humans have.  The Hebrew word here "flesh" has not changed in meaning, but  the phrase of meaning from its context does tell us different information. Notice  Peter is using the Hebrew word "chataah" (Greek hamartia) which means "sin-offering". Translators in the NT translate this word as "sin" rather than  "sin-offering". There is a slight difference in meaning between both concepts.  The Hebrew word "chata" means sin, and the Hebrew word "chataah" is a  sin-offering, a person would take "flesh" and place sinning onto the "flesh"  as a "sin-offering" pointing to the time the Sin-bearer would take away the  sinning placed there by the sinner.  This is why Peter is talking of "flesh" and the "lusts of the flesh". Jesus suffered in his human flesh by taking upon his  flesh all the sinning of mankind while not sinning Himself.   (f) Joh 8:15 "judge after the flesh" is a Poetry saying and a parallel. Notice the full verse Joh 8:15 Ye judge after the flesh; I judge no man.(nothing)   Therefore humans judging human flesh is a simile of Jesus judging nothing.  Notice "flesh" is a simile of "nothing" . The Greek word "oudeis" means "nothing" and "no man" is implied in some contexts. (2) Some words with multiple meanings do exist in any language, yet these words  have consistent meanings for the context that defines their intended meaning.  Multiple meanings in any  language tend to be rare, and Hebrew is no exception. However scholars in Hebrew translations like to believe many multiple meanings  exist in Hebrew words. This assumption is false. For example nephesh (Strongs  5315) has English meanings in KJV as "creature" "life" "soul" "heart" "beast" "person".  For example  basar (Strongs 1320) has English meanings in KJV as  "flesh". The author knows of some scholars who render as many as 8 different  context meanings for "flesh". Is there justice for this kind of polysemy to word meaning, because of the context they are used in ? I don't think so. The KJV is  good in their translations in rendering the Hebrew meaning well, unlike other  translations. However often the KJV is not consistent, they seek the English  variety in similar word meanings, rather than strictly seeking a single English word for all contexts of the Hebrew. Sometimes there is no equivalent meaning in the  English, so the Hebrew word is used instead. The Hebrew "sabbath", "amen" and "halelujah" are examples of Hebrew that come into English unchanged in  meaning for these are Hebrew words directly. (3) Languages can change depending upon the introduction of slang and  evolutionary degrading of words over time, as well as technological advances or word introductions due to invasions by other cultural peoples.  Hebrew is assumed to remain unchanged except for adopted words. Most  Hebrew words have 2 and 3 letters to a word and are assumed to remain  unchanged over time since ancient times as early as 3,000 BC.  Hebrew like any language has it's slang, its puns and its short cuts in word usage. For example "Job 2:9 Then said his wife unto him, Dost thou still retain thine integrity? curse God, and die." This verse has Job's wife using "barak". Barak  means to "bless". Job's wife does not say bless God and die, but rather the  opposite is intended as sarcasm, curse God and die.  (4) Hebrew words have broad meanings, not easily recognized in other cultural settings, like English. For example many people assume the word "el" means "god", but it does not. The  ancient pictograph reads "strong, authority". There are many verses that show  "Strong authority" used rather than "god". Ps 80:10 The hills were covered .. (with)..  the goodly "'el" cedars ('erez)..  The hills were covered (with)  the strong authority  of cedars   Ps 36:6 Thy righteousness  is like the great "'el" mountains (harar).. Thy righteousness is like  the strong authority  of mountains   Isa 57:5 Enflaming  yourselves with idols "'el"..   Enflaming yourselves with  (other)  strong authorities (idols)  Eze 32:21 The strong "'el" among the mighty (gibbowr)..  The strong authority  among the mighty humans..   (5) Hebrew words are composed of pictograph letters based on verbs of function and thus give clues to the basic meaning of the word and how the word came to be.  Because understanding the culture of Hebrew (a dead language since 2500 to  2000 BC), it can be difficult to render the meanings of words with any certainty. (Modern Hebrew culture while  helpful, is not the same as Ancient Hebrew,  which wrote pictograph in 3000 BC and was changed into other script soon after, and invaded by Babylon changed into Aramaic script, and later into modern Hebrew script with massive changes due to Alexander the Great invasions and Greek translations. Thus modern Hebrew culture is now influenced by Greek culture as thousands of years ago in time .) Most scholars today call this assumption the root word fallacy. I believe  their assumption to be wrong. Root words, and child related words do exist in  Hebrew, and the evidence for similar meanings in pictographs far outweigh  evidence against this assumption.  For example here are some two letter words and their opposite spellings. Do they  have opposite meanings ? (1)        (2)        (3)        Notice the differences in each Hebrew word and the opposite spellings....and  notice  the proof here that Ancient Hebrew pictograph script works !! Scholars who scoff can find examples of pictographs that make no sense. Understanding a dead culture is extremely difficult, so rather than dismiss parent and child roots,   we should embrace the language technology based on the probability of the evidence that does show it exists. Remember slang is the evolutionary degradation  of language in any culture, and over time all languages degrade, as one culture impacts another. Job 33:4 The Spirit of God hath made me, and the breath of  the Almighty hath given me life.   Scholars assume this parallelism means we can equate  Such parallelism destroys Hebrew words as words with exact meanings, shown in  different settings. The author sees parallels as poetry similes.  You have to be careful with poetry parallels, otherwise much meaning can be lost  in translation. In this example, notice the similes used in the poem lines :-  The breath is a simile of Ruwach, which means "wind". Hence a breath is a little  wind as life flows in and out. Can you see the simile here ? Breath is like wind. The strong authority is a simile of the Shadday. The Hebrew word "el" or  strong authority is always numerical singular in its context.  Thus the Shadday is a single numerical co-eternal member of GOD and does not refer to any member of GOD or a collective term for any member. ( It's amazing to me scholars do not even agree that "el" is always numerically  singular as a word. Thus they destroy the understanding of Hebrew words in  deeper studies. It's also amazing other people with their faith, never tell you  their assumptions. Here are mine listed in black and white. If you disagree with any assumption you can disregard my entire faith and my theories of faith completely, for they are based on these assumptions.)  The term of  being made is a simile for the Hebrew chayah, meaning ongoing life, or to be quickened. This is a special work of the Holy Spirit. (7) Meanings of words are assumed to be defined only within Scripture. Scholars might use a dictionary of other cultures to render meaning.  The author only uses the Bible only. One should not use human dictionaries, or  Strong's or other humans to render meaning of Hebrew. Only the Bible verses  should be used.  However I do use other humans to help me render meaning  as long as their studies are in harmony with the Bible. The more inspired I feel  the human is in harmony with the Bible, the more I may use the influence of  humans studies. Other humans would seem thus inspired are called witnesses in Scripture, or disciples. And we are allowed to use such witnesses outside  Scripture, because they are writing what the Holy Spirit is leading them to write.    There are two people outside of the Holy Bible I refer for assistance. Step 4 Conclusion. Major findings are placed in the conclusion,  to allow the reader who is busy for time, to find the author's meaning quickly.  I would encourage all who defend their faith, to do so in few words and as  quickly as possible. Nobody likes a person who rambles and does not know his material well.   Ec 5:2 Be not rash with thy mouth, and let not thine heart be hasty to utter any thing before God: for God is in heaven, and thou upon earth: therefore let thy words be few  Step 5 Picture. The word under study has a picture  in modern Hebrew  and ancient Hebrew, written right to left. The word is written again by the author in ancient Hebrew, left to right. The Strong number is shown  to assist in identification. The meaning of the word is shown as well.  The pictograph reading of the word is also shown. To be objective in reading pictographs, I use the same meaning for each letter all the time, rather than fitting the meaning of the word to it's letters. This  makes the reading of pictograph simple, but there may be other meanings intended in the letter meanings, language is always more complex. However I like to keep things simple. Step 5 Application.  Here I write my own personal application of the study for readers. You welcome to disagree here as all humans have their own right to believe as they wish in  minor matters of application. I hope we  all agree with the conclusion. Scripture cannot be wrong, and thus the word meaning of words must be always true and faithful. Step 6 Discussion.  And finally the discussion listed last. The discussion is by far the biggest part of the study looking up all Bible verses and making discussions on some verses as they show different applications in context. You are welcome to email me to add or change discussions for any verse, and these opinions may be placed in the discussion for others using the website.  Now that my study method is placed here for those to read, if you email me regarding your faith, please follow the Scientific Method as I do. Most people I correspond with do not unravel their bias, logic and assumptions, and make reading their material difficult. Enjoy studying Jesus' words in Hebrew.   Oh, one last assumption. I also believe the entire Bible, both OT and NT was originally written in Hebrew, for Hebrew Jewish people and later Hebrew Greek people. Thus while I use Greek in the NT, I don't like it,  and change the Greek to Hebrew where I can. I prefer to study Scripture in the original language first, before making application in the English. The most common English translation I use is King James version. God bless your studies of Jesus' words in His Bible. I trust you find His love written there and respond to that love.  Shalom       | 
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